Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)
Lev Semyonovich Vygotsky (November 17 [O.S. November 5] 1896 – June 11, 1934) was a Soviet psychologist and the founder of cultural-historical psychology.
Quotes·Quotations by ***
Self
@ Through others, we become ourselves.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). The genesis of higher mental functions. In R. Reiber (Ed.), The history of the development of higher mental functions (Vol. 4, pp. 97-120). New York: Plennum.
***
¶
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Lev_Vygotsky
Vladimir Bukovsky (1942- )
Vladimir Bukovsky
Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (Russian: Влади́мир Константи́нович Буко́вский; born December 30, 1942) is a leading member of the dissident movement of the 1960s and 1970s, writer, neurophysiologist, and political activist known for his struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Bukovsky
Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (Russian: Влади́мир Константи́нович Буко́вский; born December 30, 1942) is a leading member of the dissident movement of the 1960s and 1970s, writer, neurophysiologist, and political activist known for his struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Bukovsky
Brittany and Breton
Brittany and Breton
.svg.png)
Coordinates: 48°00′N 3°00′W
Brittany (/ˈbrɪtənɪ/; French: Bretagne [bʁə.taɲ]; Breton: Breizh, pronounced [bʁɛjs] or [bʁɛχ]; Gallo: Bertaèyn, pronounced [bəʁ.taɛɲ]) is a cultural region in the north-west of France. Covering the western part of Armorica, as it was known during the period of Roman occupation, Brittany subsequently became an independent kingdom and then a duchy before being united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province governed as if it were a separate nation under the crown. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain (as opposed to Great Britain). It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. Its land area is 34,023 km² (13,136 sq mi).
Breton language
Breton /ˈbrɛtən/ (Brezhoneg IPA: [bʁe.ˈzõː.nɛk]) is a severely endangered Celtic language spoken in Brittany (Breton: Breizh; French: Bretagne), France.
Breton proverbs
¶ Merh he mamm eo Katell.
Jeannete is just the daughter of her mother.
References
Brittany
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittany
Breton language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breton_language
Jamie Cullum (1979- )
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| Author: Tom Beetz Wikimedia Commons / CC-BY-2.0 |
Jamie Cullum (1979- )
Jamie Cullum (born 20 August 1979) is an English jazz-pop singer-songwriter. Though he is primarily a vocalist/pianist he also accompanies himself on other instruments including guitar and drums. Since April 2010, he has been presenting a weekly jazz show on BBC Radio 2, broadcast on Tuesdays from 19:00.
Quotes·Quotations by Jamie Cullum
Nature
¶ What a difference a day made. Twenty-four little hours brought the sun and the flowers where there used to be rain. What a difference a day makes. There’s a rainbow before me. Skies above can’t be stormy since that moment of bliss, that thrilling kiss.
[What A Difference A Day Made]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamie_Cullum
Magnus Hirschfield (1868-1935)
Magnus Hirschfield (1868-1935)
Magnus Hirschfeld (14 May 1868 – 14 May 1935) was a German physician and sexologist. An outspoken advocate for sexual minorities, Hirschfeld founded the Scientific Humanitarian Committee, an organization that Dustin Goltz characterizes as having carried out "the first advocacy for homosexual and transgender rights."
Quotes·Quotations by Magnus Hirschfield
Love
¶ Love is only the game that is not called on account of darkness.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnus_Hirschfeld
Corsica and Corsican language
Corsica and Corsican language
Corsica
Coordinates: 42°9′N 9°5′E
Corsica (/ˈkɔrsɪkə/; French: Corse [kɔʁs]; Corsican and Italian: Corsica) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to France. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the Italian island of Sardinia. Mountains make up two-thirds of the island, forming a single chain.
Corsican language
Corsican (corsu or lingua corsa) is an Italo-Dalmatian Romance language spoken and written on the islands of Corsica (France) and northern Sardinia (Italy). Corsican was long the vernacular language alongside Italian, the official language in Corsica until 1859; afterwards Italian was replaced by French, owing to the acquisition of the island by France from Genoa in 1768. Over the next two centuries, the use of French grew to the extent that, by the Liberation in 1945, all islanders had a working knowledge of French. The 20th century saw a wholesale language shift, with islanders changing their language practices to the extent that there were no monolingual Corsican speakers left by the 1960s. By 1990, an estimated 50 percent of islanders had some degree of proficiency in Corsican, and a small minority, perhaps 10 percent, used Corsican as a first language.
Corsican proverbs
Advice
¶ Bisogna fa di forza legge.
Idiomatic translation: Make a virtue out of necessity.
Meaning: Acquiesce in doing something unpleasant with a show of grace because one must do it in any case.
Strauss, Emanuel (1994). Dictionary of European proverbs (Volume 2 ed.). Routledge. p. 1079. ISBN 0415096243.
References
Corsica
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsica
Corsican language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language
Corsican proverbs
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Corsican_proverbs
Corsica
Coordinates: 42°9′N 9°5′E
Corsica (/ˈkɔrsɪkə/; French: Corse [kɔʁs]; Corsican and Italian: Corsica) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to France. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the Italian island of Sardinia. Mountains make up two-thirds of the island, forming a single chain.
Corsican language
Corsican (corsu or lingua corsa) is an Italo-Dalmatian Romance language spoken and written on the islands of Corsica (France) and northern Sardinia (Italy). Corsican was long the vernacular language alongside Italian, the official language in Corsica until 1859; afterwards Italian was replaced by French, owing to the acquisition of the island by France from Genoa in 1768. Over the next two centuries, the use of French grew to the extent that, by the Liberation in 1945, all islanders had a working knowledge of French. The 20th century saw a wholesale language shift, with islanders changing their language practices to the extent that there were no monolingual Corsican speakers left by the 1960s. By 1990, an estimated 50 percent of islanders had some degree of proficiency in Corsican, and a small minority, perhaps 10 percent, used Corsican as a first language.
Corsican proverbs
Advice
¶ Bisogna fa di forza legge.
Idiomatic translation: Make a virtue out of necessity.
Meaning: Acquiesce in doing something unpleasant with a show of grace because one must do it in any case.
Strauss, Emanuel (1994). Dictionary of European proverbs (Volume 2 ed.). Routledge. p. 1079. ISBN 0415096243.
References
Corsica
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsica
Corsican language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language
Corsican proverbs
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Corsican_proverbs
Votes and Votic language
Votes and Votic language
Ingria
The Ingrians are the indigenous people of historical Ingria. With expansion of the Principality of Moscovy north they became Russian Orthodox. Later Lutheran Finns from Finland moved to an area of what is now Russia on the southeast shore of the Gulf of Finland since the 17th century. Historical Ingria (Finnish: Inkeri or Inkerinmaa; Russian: Ингрия, Ingriya, Ижорская земля, Izhorskaya zemlya, or Ингерманландия, Ingermanlandiya; Swedish: Ingermanland; Estonian: Ingeri or Ingerimaa) is the geographical area, located along the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland bordered by Lake Ladoga on the Karelian Isthmus in the north and the River Narva on the border with Estonia in the west. Ingria became a province of Sweden in the Treaty of Stolbovo in 1617 that ended the Ingrian War, fought between Sweden and Russia. In 1710, Ingria was designated as the Province of St. Petersburg and in 1927 as Leningrad Province. In the Treaty of Nystad, Ingria was formally transferred back to Russia. Its russification was nearly complete by the 1930s, and today, it is the northwestern anchor of Russia, its "window" on the Baltic Sea, with Saint Petersburg as its center.
The Orthodox Izhorians, along with the Votes, are the indigenous people of historical Ingria (Inkeri in Finnish). However, after the Swedish conquest the Ingrian Finns, descendants of 17th century Lutheran emigrants from present-day Finland became the majority in Ingria.
Ingria as a whole never formed a state (cf., however, North Ingria); the Ingrians, understood as the inhabitants of Ingria regardless of ethnicity, can hardly be said to have been a nation, although their "nationality" was recognized in the Soviet Union; as a ethnic group, the Ingrians proper, Izhorians, are close to extinction together with their language. This notwithstanding, many people still recognize their Ingrian heritage.[2]
The historic Ingria covers approximately the same area as Gatchinsky, Kingiseppsky, Kirovsky, Lomonosovsky, Tosnensky, Volosovsky and Vsevolozhsky districts of modern Leningrad Oblast as well as the city of Saint Petersburg.
Votes
Votes (also called Vod) are a people of Votia in Ingria, the part of modern day northwestern Russia that is roughly southwest of Saint Petersburg and east of the Estonian border-town of Narva. Their own ethnic name is vadjalain (plural: vadjalaizõt). The Finnic Votic language spoken by Votes is close to extinction. Votians were one of the founding people of Veliky Novgorod. The Votic language is still spoken in three villages of historical Votia and by an unknown number of fluent Votic speakers in the countryside. The villages are Jõgõperä (Krakolje), Liivtšülä (Peski), and Luuditsa (Lužitsõ).[3] There is a desire to protect and revive the Votic language from extinction.
Votic language
Votic or Votian (vađđa ceeli or maaceeli – also written vaďďa tšeeli, maatšeeli[1]) is the language spoken by the Votes of Ingria. It is closely related to Estonian and belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. Votic is spoken only in Krakolye and Luzhitsy, two villages in Kingiseppsky District, and is close to extinction (Language death). In 1989 there were 62 speakers left, the youngest born in 1938. In its 24 December 2005 issue, The Economist wrote that there are only approximately 20 speakers left.[2] Some linguists[who?] have claimed that Votic is actually a dialect of Estonian.[3]
In the 19th century it was already declining in favour of Russian (there were around 1,000 speakers of the language by the start of the World War I), but its decline was accelerated as Joseph Stalin took power. WWII had a devastating effect on the Votic language, with the number of speakers considerably decreased as a result of military offensives, forced migration to Finland under the Nazi regime, and the Stalinist policy of "dispersion" immediately after the war. Since then, the Votes have, as far as possible, concealed their Votic identity, pretending to be Russians in the predominantly Russian environment.
Votian proverb
@ e̮ma silmiz ed näe irttätŝi, a te̮izē silmɨz näed i pikkaraizē roitū.
Idiomatic translation: You see the splinter in another's eye but fail to see the beam in your own.
References
Ingria
[1]^ Based on Räikkönen, Erkki. Heimokirja. Helsinki: Otava, 1924.
[2]^ a b c d e f g h i j Kurs, Ott (1994). Ingria: The broken landbridge between Estonia and Finland. GeoJournal 33.1, 107-113.
Votic language
[1]^ V. Černiavskij. "Vaďďa tšeeli (Izeõpõttaja) / Водский язык (Самоучитель) ("Votic Self-Taught Book")" (in Russian) (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-17.
[2]^ Staff writer (December 24, 2005 – January 6, 2006). "The dying fish swims in water". The Economist: pp. 73–74.
[3]^ Paul Ariste: Eesti rahva etnilisest ajaloost. Läänemere keelte kujunemine ja vanem arenemisjärk. Artikkeli kokoelma. Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1956
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votian
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Votian_proverbs
Ingria
The Ingrians are the indigenous people of historical Ingria. With expansion of the Principality of Moscovy north they became Russian Orthodox. Later Lutheran Finns from Finland moved to an area of what is now Russia on the southeast shore of the Gulf of Finland since the 17th century. Historical Ingria (Finnish: Inkeri or Inkerinmaa; Russian: Ингрия, Ingriya, Ижорская земля, Izhorskaya zemlya, or Ингерманландия, Ingermanlandiya; Swedish: Ingermanland; Estonian: Ingeri or Ingerimaa) is the geographical area, located along the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland bordered by Lake Ladoga on the Karelian Isthmus in the north and the River Narva on the border with Estonia in the west. Ingria became a province of Sweden in the Treaty of Stolbovo in 1617 that ended the Ingrian War, fought between Sweden and Russia. In 1710, Ingria was designated as the Province of St. Petersburg and in 1927 as Leningrad Province. In the Treaty of Nystad, Ingria was formally transferred back to Russia. Its russification was nearly complete by the 1930s, and today, it is the northwestern anchor of Russia, its "window" on the Baltic Sea, with Saint Petersburg as its center.
The Orthodox Izhorians, along with the Votes, are the indigenous people of historical Ingria (Inkeri in Finnish). However, after the Swedish conquest the Ingrian Finns, descendants of 17th century Lutheran emigrants from present-day Finland became the majority in Ingria.
Ingria as a whole never formed a state (cf., however, North Ingria); the Ingrians, understood as the inhabitants of Ingria regardless of ethnicity, can hardly be said to have been a nation, although their "nationality" was recognized in the Soviet Union; as a ethnic group, the Ingrians proper, Izhorians, are close to extinction together with their language. This notwithstanding, many people still recognize their Ingrian heritage.[2]
The historic Ingria covers approximately the same area as Gatchinsky, Kingiseppsky, Kirovsky, Lomonosovsky, Tosnensky, Volosovsky and Vsevolozhsky districts of modern Leningrad Oblast as well as the city of Saint Petersburg.
Votes
Votes (also called Vod) are a people of Votia in Ingria, the part of modern day northwestern Russia that is roughly southwest of Saint Petersburg and east of the Estonian border-town of Narva. Their own ethnic name is vadjalain (plural: vadjalaizõt). The Finnic Votic language spoken by Votes is close to extinction. Votians were one of the founding people of Veliky Novgorod. The Votic language is still spoken in three villages of historical Votia and by an unknown number of fluent Votic speakers in the countryside. The villages are Jõgõperä (Krakolje), Liivtšülä (Peski), and Luuditsa (Lužitsõ).[3] There is a desire to protect and revive the Votic language from extinction.
Votic language
Votic or Votian (vađđa ceeli or maaceeli – also written vaďďa tšeeli, maatšeeli[1]) is the language spoken by the Votes of Ingria. It is closely related to Estonian and belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages. Votic is spoken only in Krakolye and Luzhitsy, two villages in Kingiseppsky District, and is close to extinction (Language death). In 1989 there were 62 speakers left, the youngest born in 1938. In its 24 December 2005 issue, The Economist wrote that there are only approximately 20 speakers left.[2] Some linguists[who?] have claimed that Votic is actually a dialect of Estonian.[3]
In the 19th century it was already declining in favour of Russian (there were around 1,000 speakers of the language by the start of the World War I), but its decline was accelerated as Joseph Stalin took power. WWII had a devastating effect on the Votic language, with the number of speakers considerably decreased as a result of military offensives, forced migration to Finland under the Nazi regime, and the Stalinist policy of "dispersion" immediately after the war. Since then, the Votes have, as far as possible, concealed their Votic identity, pretending to be Russians in the predominantly Russian environment.
Votian proverb
@ e̮ma silmiz ed näe irttätŝi, a te̮izē silmɨz näed i pikkaraizē roitū.
Idiomatic translation: You see the splinter in another's eye but fail to see the beam in your own.
References
Ingria
[1]^ Based on Räikkönen, Erkki. Heimokirja. Helsinki: Otava, 1924.
[2]^ a b c d e f g h i j Kurs, Ott (1994). Ingria: The broken landbridge between Estonia and Finland. GeoJournal 33.1, 107-113.
Votic language
[1]^ V. Černiavskij. "Vaďďa tšeeli (Izeõpõttaja) / Водский язык (Самоучитель) ("Votic Self-Taught Book")" (in Russian) (PDF). Retrieved 2009-04-17.
[2]^ Staff writer (December 24, 2005 – January 6, 2006). "The dying fish swims in water". The Economist: pp. 73–74.
[3]^ Paul Ariste: Eesti rahva etnilisest ajaloost. Läänemere keelte kujunemine ja vanem arenemisjärk. Artikkeli kokoelma. Eesti Riiklik Kirjastus, 1956
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingria
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Votian
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Votian_proverbs
Belarus and Belorussian
Belarus and Belorussian
Belarus
Belarus (i/bɛləˈruːs/ bel-ə-rooss; Belarusian: Белару́сь Bielarus’ pronounced [bʲɛlaˈrusʲ]; Russian: Белару́сь, tr. Belarus’; IPA: [bʲɪlɐˈrusʲ]), officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Hrodna (Grodno), Homiel (Gomel), Mahilyow (Mogilev) and Vitsebsk (Vitebsk). Over 40% of its 207,600 square kilometres (80,200 sq mi) is forested. Its strongest economic sectors are service industries and manufacturing.
Belarus' two official languages are Russian and Belarusian; Russian is the main language, used by 72% of the population, while Belarusian, the second official language, is only used by 11.9%. Minorities also speak Polish, Ukrainian and Eastern Yiddish.
Belarusian language
Belarusian (/bɛləˈruːsiən/; беларуская мова, Belarusian pronunciation: [bʲelaˈruskaja ˈmova], BGN/PCGN: byelaruskaya mova) is an official language of Belarus, along with Russian, and is spoken abroad, chiefly in Russia, Ukraine, and Poland. Prior to Belarus gaining its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, the language was known in English as Byelorussian or Belorussian, transliterating the Russian name, белорусский язык, or alternatively as White Ruthenian (/ruːˈθiːniən/) or White Russian. Following independence, it also became known as Belarusian.
Belorussian proverbs>
Adivce
¶ Ү kaлaмyтнай вадa лecнo ca лobи.
It is good fishing in streamy water.
References
Belarus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarus
Belarusian language
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarusian_language
Voltaire (1694-1778)
_-002.jpg)
Voltaire (1694-1778)
François-Marie Arouet (French: [fʁɑ̃.swa ma.ʁi aʁ.wɛ]; 21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778), known by his nom de plume Voltaire (pronounced: [vɔl.tɛːʁ]), was a French Enlightenment writer, historian and philosopher famous for his wit and for his advocacy of civil liberties, including freedom of religion, freedom of expression, free trade and separation of church and state. Voltaire was a prolific writer, producing works in almost every literary form, including plays, poetry, novels, essays, and historical and scientific works. He wrote more than 20,000 letters and more than 2,000 books and pamphlets. He was an outspoken supporter of social reform, despite strict censorship laws with harsh penalties for those who broke them. As a satirical polemicist, he frequently made use of his works to criticize intolerance, religious dogma, and the French institutions of his day.
Voltaire was one of several Enlightenment figures (along with Montesquieu, John Locke, Richard Price, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Émilie du Châtelet) whose works and ideas influenced important thinkers of both the American and French Revolutions.
@ La vertu s'avilit à se justifier.
Virtue debases in justifying itself. [Oedipe, act II, scene IV (1718).]
@ On doit des egards aux vivants; on ne doit aux morts que la verite.
We should be considerate to the living; to the dead we owe only the truth. [Letter to M. de Grenonville (1719).]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltaire
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Atelier_de_Nicolas_de_Largillière,_portrait_de_Voltaire,_détail_(musée_Carnavalet)_-002.jpg
_-002.jpg){kind=link}
http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Voltaire
Cousin Woodman
Cousin Woodman
Quotes·Quotations by Cousin Woodman
Experience
¶ Good judgement comes from experience, and experience--well, that comes from poor judgement.
Afrikaans
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| Official language in South Africa |
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| Recognised minority language in Namibia |
Afrikaans
Afrikaans /ɑːfrɪˈkɑːns/ or /æfrɪˈkɑːns/ is one of the official languages of South Africa. It is a West Germanic language spoken in South Africa, Namibia, and to a lesser extent, Botswana and Zimbabwe. It is an offshoot of several Dutch dialects spoken by the mainly Dutch settlers of what is now South Africa, where it gradually began to develop independently in the course of the 18th century. Hence, historically, it is a daughter language of Dutch, and was previously referred to as "Cape Dutch" (a term also used to refer collectively to the early Cape settlers) or "kitchen Dutch" (a derogatory term used to refer to Afrikaans in its earlier days). It is the first language of most of the Afrikaner people.
Quotes·Quotations by Afrikaans proverbs
Adivice
¶ Een swaeltjie maak nog geen somer nie.
The appearance of a single sign of a favourable event is not yet a definite indication of its coming.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans
Betty Bender
Betty Bender
Quotes·Quotations by Betty Bender
Work
¶ When people go to work, they shouldn't have to leave their hearts at home.
Bryan Adams (1959- )
Bryan Adams (1959- )
Bryan Guy Adams, OC OBC (born 5 November 1959) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, producer, actor, social activist, and photographer. As one of the world's best-selling music artists and the best-selling Canadian rock artist of all time, Adams has been one of the most successful figures of the world of popular music during last three decades and as a singer, he's known for his strong husky vocals and energetic live performances.
Quotes·Quotations by Bryan Adams
Attitude
¶ Thoughts are things; they have tremendous power. Thoughts of doubt and fear are pathways to failure. When you conquer negative attitudes of doubt and fear you conquer failure. Thoughts crystallize into habit and habit solidifies into circumstances.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryan_Adams
Phaedrus (15BC-50AD)
Phaedrus (15BC-50AD, fabulist)
Gaius Julius Phaedrus (/ˈfiːdrəs/; c. 15 BC – c. 50 AD), Roman fabulist, was probably a Thracian slave, born in Pydna of Roman Macedonia and lived in the reigns of Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula and Claudius. He is recognized as the first writer to Latinize entire books of fables, retelling in iambic metre the Greek prose Aesopic tales.
Quotes·Quotations by Phaedrus
Appearance
¶ Things are not always what they seem; the first appearance deceives many; the intelligence of a few perceives what has been carefully hidden.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaedrus_(fabulist)
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